Medical school is a structured training process, honed over years of research and practice. The new medical student starts with classroom learning (anatomy, physiology, pathology), moves to learning interview skills (how to take a history and physical), then moves to shadowing and assisting practicing physicians across different specialties, then takes on more responsibility within a specialty of their choice under close supervision and mentoring. No one expects a first year med student to conduct a surgical procedure; by the end of their undergraduate training, they are actively working in the OR as part of a surgical team.